Old Mauritanian silver gilded cross

Boghdad pendants are a distinctive form of adornment widely recognized in North West Africa, particularly among the people of South Morocco and Mauritania. However, their usage extends far beyond these regions, reaching into parts of Senegal, Mali, and other areas in West Africa.

The origins of Boghdad pendants are shrouded in mystery, but they are believed to date back to the medieval African kingdoms, such as the Kingdom of Ghana. This ancient kingdom was renowned for its gold production, which played a significant role in the trans-Saharan trade network. The pendants may have been created during these prosperous times, reflecting the wealth and cultural richness of the region.

Historically, Boghdad pendants have been crafted from a variety of materials, ranging from precious metals like gold and silver to more humble materials such as copper and aluminum. The artisans employed intricate techniques such as granulation, casting, and chiseling to create these ornaments, often incorporating enamel or glass inserts for added decoration. The pendants vary in size, with some being very small, while others, especially in parts of West Africa, are made in large, bold shapes.

The slightly anthropomorphic shape of these pendants hints at possible connections to ancient fertility cults, particularly those revolving around mother goddesses, symbolizing life, fertility, and protection. Today, Boghdad pendants are cherished not only for their beauty but also for their deep historical and cultural significance. They continue to be worn as a link to the past, a reminder of the ancient civilizations and traditions that have shaped the region.